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Respiratory diseases in children include acute and chronic infectious diseases in the upper and lower respiratory tract, allergic diseases in the respiratory tract, pleural diseases, foreign bodies in the respiratory tract and lung tumors. Among them, acute respiratory infection is the most common, accounting for more than 60% of pediatric clinics. If a child has a respiratory emergency, he or she should go to the hospital for treatment in time and use the medicine safely under the doctor's advice. Otherwise, the child's respiratory system disease will become worse, which will have a negative impact on the child's health.

Causes of high incidence of respiratory diseases in children

As children's respiratory system development is still in the primary stage, the nasal passage is short and the nasal hair is less, which makes it difficult for children's nasal function to filter most of the harmful substances, and this situation is easy to cause children to have respiratory diseases.

In addition, children's pharynx and larynx, as well as trachea and bronchus, are smaller than adults, and contain rich vascular networks. In this case, if respiratory diseases occur, children are likely to have dyspnea and respiratory failure, which will lead to children's easy deterioration after respiratory diseases.

The symptoms of respiratory diseases in children are also different from those in adults. The most common upper respiratory tract infection in adults is mainly the local symptoms of runny nose and sneezing, but children have systemic symptoms, such as high fever, diarrhea, dyspnea and other symptoms, while the very common cough symptoms in adults are not common in children after respiratory diseases. Therefore, for children, respiratory diseases are not only high, but also difficult to cure thoroughly. It is necessary to fully understand respiratory diseases so that they can be found and treated early and children can recover as soon as possible.

cold

A cold is an inflammation in the nasal cavity and around the throat of children, which is also called nasopharyngitis. It is easy to occur in autumn and winter when the temperature changes greatly. After children have a cold, it is easy to cause complications such as otitis media, bronchitis and pneumonia. Therefore, children should be given effective treatment for cold symptoms. It is worth noting that because colds are too common in clinical practice, many parents do not attach great importance to colds in children. They believe that colds are a very common disease that can be cured even without treatment. This idea may be correct for adults, but for children, because children's respiratory tract development is still in the primary stage, their ability to expel bacteria is weak, Moreover, children's own resistance is weak. Failure to treat colds in time may lead to the aggravation of colds and eventually lead to diseases such as pneumonia. When children have a cold, the main symptoms include fever, sore throat, runny nose and cough. A small number of children also have vomiting and diarrhea symptoms after the onset. Children will not only suffer from anorexia, but also dehydration and impotence under the influence of vomiting and diarrhea.

If the child's temperature exceeds 38.5 ℃ after the onset, it is necessary to use antipyretic agent reasonably, or use a warm towel to wipe the whole body of the child, which can help the child reduce fever. If the child has severe cough and phlegm, he can drink more water, which can not only reduce the child's cough symptoms, but also help the child to expel phlegm. Children who have no appetite can be given semi liquid food that is easy to digest, such as rice porridge, to avoid dehydration.

pneumonia

Pneumonia is mainly a disease caused by inflammation in the lungs of patients. This disease is mainly caused by viral infection or parasitic bacterial infection. Pneumonia in most children is closely related to clinical diseases such as influenza and measles. After the onset of pneumonia, children mainly showed fever and persistent cough. Compared with the common cold, the high fever of this disease may cause children to have dyspnea. The breathing rate of children can reach 50 times/min. Every time the children breathe, they may have cyanosis of lips, poor complexion and nail bed. If the cough is serious, it will lead to vomiting and diarrhea. Even if the cause is the same, the clinical symptoms of children are different. Therefore, in clinical treatment of pneumonia, reasonable treatment should be carried out according to the cause of the disease and the specific state of the child.

In the treatment of pneumonia, parents must actively communicate with doctors, inform doctors of children's symptoms, and use drugs reasonably according to the prescriptions issued by doctors. They must stick to the medication. Pneumonia is a disease that requires a long period of treatment. Do not stop using drugs when children's symptoms have slightly improved, which will lead to bacterial resistance, Generally speaking, viral pneumonia is easy to improve after treatment. Pneumonia vaccination can only avoid pneumonia caused by pneumococcus, so parents can't expect to prevent pneumonia once and for all through pneumonia vaccination. They need to manage the details of life, so as to effectively prevent pneumonia.

bronchitis

Bronchitis is a disease caused by inflammation of children's bronchi. This disease is mainly caused by children over two years old. Bronchitis is a highly infectious viral disease. This disease is mainly caused by cold complications, and the high incidence season of this disease is seasonal change period, concentrated in winter. Bronchitis is mainly characterized by phlegm, cough and dyspnea after onset. Once a child has a disease, its symptoms can be significantly aggravated within 2 to 3 days, and dyspnea caused by bronchitis will lead to a large loss of water in the child's body. Children who are always in a state of lack of appetite will lead to dehydration, and in serious cases may further lead to pneumonia. Therefore, children should be hospitalized in time after onset.